What's the difference between lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries

Lead-acid battery is a chemical energy storage device which uses lead and lead dioxide as anode and cathode active substances and dilute sulfuric acid as electrolyte. At present, due to its low initial cost, lead-acid battery has been widely used in projects requiring low charge and discharge frequency, such as backup power supply for communication base stations. At the same time, due to the disadvantages of low capacity density, short running time, high self-discharge rate and low cycle life of lead batteries, lead batteries have gradually decreased in energy storage applications and electric vehicles.

Lithium battery is made of lithium metal or lithium alloy as the cathode material, using non-water electrolyte solution of the battery, high energy, long service life, light weight and other advantages, widely used in hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations and other energy storage power system. Compared with lead-acid battery, lithium battery has the advantages of high efficiency, long cycle life, accurate battery data and high consistency. With the development of battery technology and the rapid decline of cost, lithium batteries have become the mainstream choice in household energy storage projects, and the market share of newly added chemical batteries has reached more than 95%.